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Index
[ Symbols ], [ Numbers ], [ A ], [ B ], [ C ], [ D ], [ E ], [ F ], [ G ], [ H ], [ I ], [ J ], [ K ], [ L ], [ M ], [ N ], [ O ], [ P ], [ Q ], [ R ], [ S ], [ T ], [ U ], [ V ], [ W ], [ X ], [ Z ],
Symbols[ Top ]
$KCODE global variable, 73
%Self column, scanning profiles, 158
_( ) function, 251
Numbers[ Top ]
1+N problem, 166
8-bit Unicode Transformation Format (UTF-8), 239
conversion, 248-249
input, filtering, 244
servers, 248
storage, 245-248
A[ Top ]
abstraction
bottom-up programming, 4
client security, 130-135
Accept, 194
Accept-Charset header, 194
Accept-Encoding, 194
Accept-Language header, 194
access
concurrent, 297
files, merging, 298
instance variables, 58
access control lists (ACLs), 232
accessors, attributes, 62
account_location plugin, 85-87
ACID transactions, 100
ACLs (access control lists), 232
Action Profiler, 153
Action Web Service (see AWS)
ActionController, 92
ActionMailer, 183
incorporating, 287-289
actions
benchmarking, 163
caching, 177
profiling, 155-157
RESTful Rails URI conventions, 199
ActionView, RESTful Rails, 216
Active Record pattern versus ActiveRecord library, 271
ActiveLDAP library, 124
ActiveMerchant module, 35
ActiveRecord
alternatives, 271-281
bottom-up programming and, 4
incorporating, 284-287
migration, 285
models, 315
performance, 165
1+N problem, 166
indexing, 167-171
SQL, 165
ActiveRecordStore, 174
ActiveResource, 223-230
ActiveSupport, 57
Core Extensions, 60-75
dependencies, 57
deprecation, 58
Inflector, 59
JSON, 59
multibyte character support, 242
Whiny Nil, 60
adding functionality to existing methods, 32
address book, Globalize example of, 258-268
advanced database features, 109-116
aggregators, 39
AJAX, secure fallback, 135
alias_method method, 34
aliasing, 70
all? predicate, 37
alternative template engines, 282-284
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) case study, 231-235
Ambition, 273
American Standard Code for Information Interchange (see ASCII)
analysis, black-box, 148-151
ANALYZE TABLE command, 171
anonymous functions, 36
any? predicate, 37
AOP (aspect-oriented programming), 32
Apache Portable Runtime (APR), 299
Apache servers, 318
application databases, 109
application_backtrace method, 66
applications
ActionMailer, 183
ActiveRecord, applying in, 287
ActiveSupport, 57
Core Extensions, 60-75
dependencies, 57
deprecation, 58
Inflector, 59
JSON, 59
Whiny Nil, 60
architecture scalability, 173-181
benchmarking, 161-164
Borges, 26
DabbleDB, 27
Heckle, 2
importing, 309
initialization, 75
L10n (localization), 250
Globalize example, 258-268
interface/resource translation, 250-255
locale-specific settings, 256
model translation, 257
Mongrel, 78, 108
multi-application projects, 313-315
Seaside, 26
security design, 127-137
servers, 319
state, 195
APR (Apache Portable Runtime), 299
architecture
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) case study, 233
MySQL Cluster, 122
Representational State Transfer (REST)
benefits of, 205-209
overview of, 185-187
representations, 193-195
resources, 190-193
RESTful Rails, 209-231
statelessness, 195-205
verbs, 187-190
scalability, 173-181
security
canonicalization, 143
cross-site request forgery (CSRF), 141-143
cross-site scripting (XSS), 139-141
sessions, 137-139
web issues, 137-144
shared-nothing, 197
Array methods
*, 46
extract_options!, 61
in_groups_of, 61
pack, 46
rand, 61
split, 61
to_s, 61
to_sentence, 61
to_xml, 61
arrays
core extensions, 61
grouping, 61
methods, 46
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange), 237
aspect-oriented programming (AOP), 32
asset hosts, 319
asynchronous replication, 124
atomic commits, 298
attachment handling, 107
attachment_fu library, 107
attacks
cross-site request forgery (CSRF), 141
cross-site scripting (XSS), 139
rainbow, 128
SQL injection, 144
TCP sequence-number prediction, 138
(see also security)
attr_accessible method, 132
attr_accessor method, 276
attr_protected method, 132
attributes
accessors, 62
configuration, 75
inheritance, 62
authenticated function, 131
authentication, 127-130, 290
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) case study, 232
hash message authentication code (HMAC), 143
HTTP Authentication plugin, 89
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol), 125
message authentication code (MAC), 134
Representational State Transfer (REST), 204
authorization, 290
autoprops, Subversion, 309
AutoTest, 322
availability, 292
high, 120-124
average, 148
AWS (Action Web Service), 231
B[ Top ]
backtrace (bt) command, 53
Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP), 240
before_save callback method, 130
Benchmark, code timing, 151-153
benchmarking, 161-164
benefits of Representational State Transfer (REST), 205-209
bidirectional text, 238
Binding class, 27
bindings, 27
black-box analysis, 148-151
blacklists, 137
blank? method, 62
BLOB (see large/binary objects)
blocks
code procs, 20-23
RESTful Rails, 218
BMP (Basic Multilingual Plane), 240
Borges, 26
bottom-up programming, 3
branches, 297
branching, 301-306
buckets, 231
Bugzilla, 308
business logic constraints, 110
BYTEA data type, 102
C[ Top ]
C, writing inline code, 182
Cache-Control header, 208
caching
action, 177
constraints, 186
custom, 221
databases, 119
fragment, 178
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), RESTful Rails, 219-222
page, 177
performance, 176
Representational State Transfer (REST), 206
sweepers, 180
calculations
statistical, 65
time, 64
call stacks
continuations, 25-27
reading, 50
call_stack_off function, 51
call_stack_on function, 51
Calls columns, scanning profiles, 158
canonicalization, 143
Unicode, 243
Capistrano, 321
centralized version control, 296-299
chaining, methods, 33
chains, method lookup, 7
character encodings, 237
characters
compatibility, 243
composition, 243
encodings
ASCII, 237
Unicode, 238-249
multibyte support, 242
precomposed, 243
checkout, 297
Chinese language, 238
Class#const_missing method, 57
class_def method, 18
classes
attribute accessors, 62
Binding, 27
DelegateClass, 30
Dispatcher, 77
Hash, 67
inheritable attributes, 62
classes (continued)
inheritance, method lookups, 6
instantiation, method lookups, 7
opening, 31
overview of, 4
proxy, delegation with, 30
singleton, 12-14
of class objects, 14-17
subclassing, 32
variables, 19
virtual, 13
clean_backtrace method, 66
clean_message method, 66
clients
Action Web Service (AWS), 231
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) case study, 234
security, 130-135
client-server constraint, 185
client-side validation, 133
CLOB (see large/binary objects)
cloning trunks, 303
closures, 22
clusters
MySQL, 121
Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC), 124
PostgreSQL, 123
code, 2
ActiveSupport, 57
Core Extensions, 60-75
dependencies, 57
deprecation, 58
Inflector, 59
JSON, 59
Whiny Nil, 60
adding, 31
bindings, 27
C, writing inline, 182
duplication, 2
hash message authentication code (HMAC), 143
message authentication code (MAC), 134
metaprogramming, 1-4
on-the-fly, writing, 24
passwords, hashing, 128
procs, 20-23
reading, 49-57
revision, downloading, 297
routing, 43
searching, 49
timing, 151-153
code examples, xi
code reviews, contributing to Rails, 292
code-on-demand constraint, 186
Collaboa, 308
collect method (see map method)
commands
ANALYZE TABLE, 171
backtrace (bt), 53
help, 54
hg heads, 304
irg, 54
list, 53
OPTIMIZE TABLE, 171
perf_run, 163
script/plugin tool, 80-83
svn import, 309
update, 297
VACUUM ANALYZE, 171
compatibility characters, 243
components
incorporating, 284
ActionMailer, 287-289
ActiveRecord, 284-287
replacing
ActiveRecord, 271-281
alternative template engines, 282-284
composite keys, 112-114
composition, characters, 243
concurrent access, 297
Concurrent Versions System (CVS), 297
conditional GET, 207
confidence interval, 150
confidentiality, 137
configuration, 75
ActionMailer, 287-289
locale-specific settings, 256
ObjectGraph (Og), 279
security, applications, 127-137
Subversion, 309
X-Sendfile, 106
connections
Magic Multi-Connections gem, 118
multiple databases, 116-118
constants, 4
constraints
caches, 186
client-server, 185
code-on-demand, 186
databases, 110
layered system, 186
stateless, 186
uniform interface, 186
consuming RESTful services, 223-230
content negotiation, 194
content types, 193-195
RESTful Rails, 217-219
continuations, 25-27
continuous integration, 321
contributing to Rails, 289-295
conversion
8-bit Unicode Transformation Format (UTF-8), 248-249
date and time, 64
numeric, 71
cookies, 131, 134
cookie-based sessions, 138
cross-site request forgery (CSRF), 141
CookieStore, 134, 176
limitations of, 138
copy-modify-merge model, 297
Core Extensions, 60-75
arrays, 61
blank? method, 62
class attribute accessors, 62
class inheritable attributes, 62
date and time formats, 63
files, 66
floating-point numbers, 66
hashes, 67
integers, 69
introspection, 70
kernels, 69
modules, 70
numeric conversions, 71
objects, 71
option processing, 61
ranges, 72
strings, 72
TimeZone, 75
create, read, update, delete (CRUD) operations, 133
cross-site request forgery (CSRF), 141-143
cross-site scripting (XSS), 139-141
CRUD (create, read, update, delete) operations, 133
CruiseControl, 322
cryptography, Kerckhoffs' principle, 135
CSRF (cross-site request forgery), 141-143
customization
caching, 221
Rake tasks, 288
resource routes, 213
CVS (Concurrent Versions System), 297
D[ Top ]
DabbleDB, 27
daemons, 69
memcached, 175
pg_autovacuum, 171
data partitioning, 115
databases
8-bit Unicode Transformation Format (UTF-8), 245
advanced features, 109-116
application versus integration, 109
caching, 119, 176
action, 177
fragment, 178
page, 177
sweepers, 180
composite keys, 112-114
constraints, 110
database management systems (DBMSs), 96
MySQL, 98
Oracle, 100
PostgreSQL, 97
SQL Server, 100
SQLite, 100
dependencies, testing plugin, 93
high availability, 120-124
indexing, performance, 167-171
large/binary objects, 101-109
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), 124
load balancing, 120-124
migration, 306-308
multiple, connecting, 116-118
ObjectGraph (Og), 279
passwords, hashing, 128, 129
performance, 171
query plans, 171-173
rules, 114
SQL injection attacks, 144
storage, 102
stored procedures, 114
triggers, 114
DataMapper library, 272
dates
conversions, 64
formats, 63
DBMSs (database management systems), 96
MySQL, 98
Oracle, 100
DBMSs (continued)
PostgreSQL, 97
SQL Server, 100
SQLite, 100
Deadlock Retry plugin, 93
debugging, 52-56
decentralized version control, 82, 299-301
decoupling ActiveRecord, 284
delegate method, 70
DelegateClass class, 30
delegation with proxy classes, 30
DELETE method, 190
deleting large objects, 115
dependencies, 57
databases, testing plugin, 93
deployment, 315
application server, 319
Capistrano, 321
continuous integration, 321
front end web server, 317-319
shared-nothing scalability, 316-317
Vlad the Deployer, 321
deprecate method, 58
deprecation, 58
design, application security, 127-137
detect method, 37
developer branches, 303
development styles, 49
digest authentication, statelessness, 204
Dir methods, 47
directories
plugins, 83
structure of plugins, 83
test/fixtures, 94
traversal, 144
disabling ActiveRecord, 271
Dispatcher class, 77
Distributed Ruby (DRb), 109
domain-specific languages (DSLs), 25
Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY principle), 2
double-dot problem, 144
DRb (Distributed Ruby), 109
DRbStore, 179
DRY principle (Don't Repeat Yourself), 2
DrySQL library, 111
DSLs (domain-specific languages), 25
duplication, 2
E[ Top ]
each_with_index method, 39
East Asian languages, 238
eigenclasses
(see also singleton classes)
email
ActionMailer, 183, 287-289
receiving, 289
emulation, methods, 217
encapsulation, 4
encodings, character, 237
ASCII, 237
Unicode, 238-249
engines, 290
Entity Tags (ETags), 207, 219
entries method, 39
Enumerable methods
all?, 47
grep, 47
sort_by, 47
Enumerable module, 37
Enumerator, 39
environments
initialization, 311
security, 145
equivalence, 244
error messages, security, 136
escape function, 249
establish_connection function, 284
etag method, 221
ETags (see Entity Tags)
evaluation of code bindings, 27
EWKB (extended well-known binary), 159
exceptions
methods, 66
TamperedWithCookie, 134, 138
existing applications, importing, 309
existing methods, adding functionality to, 32
expire_fragment method, 180
EXPLAIN keyword, 171
expressions, S-expressions, 2
extended well-known binary (EWKB), 159
extended-ASCII character sets, 238
extensions, 315
Mercurial Queues (MQ), 161
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME), 209
Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs), 193
external programs, leveraging, 182
externals, 310
F[ Top ]
fallback, security, 135
FastCGI handler (RailsFCGIHandler), 78
feature branches, 303
Ferret library, 170
fields, hidden form, 133
File methods
expand_path, 144
join, 47
open, 47
files
access, merging, 298
Core Extensions, 66
dependencies, 57
.mo, 252
plugins, 83
.pot, 251
static, asset hosts for, 319
text, copy-modify-merge model, 297
translation, creating, 253
X-Sendfile, sending data with, 105
FileStore, 174, 179
filesystems, storage, 103
filtering, 37
8-bit Unicode Transformation Format (UTF-8), 244
find method, 37
find_all method, 37
find_with_attributes method, 281
finding code in the Rails framework, 49
first-class functions, 36
flags, 5
flat profiles, 158
floating-point numbers, 66
foreign key indexes, 168
forms
hidden fields, 133
parameters, 131
processing, 132
Forwardable, 31
fragments
caching, 178
expiration, 180
framework_backtrace method, 66
front end web server, 317-319
full-text indexing, 99, 169
functional programming, 36-41
functionality, adding to existing methods, 32
functions
_( ), 251
anonymous, 36
authenticated, 131
call_stack_off, 51
call_stack_on, 51
escape, 249
establish_connection, 284
higher-order, 36
if_modified, 221
lambda, 23
local_request?, 136
method_missing, 17
sendfile, 104
G[ Top ]
garbage collection
Benchmark library, 152
methods, 29
gems (see RubyGems)
generative programming, 24
GeoKit library, 170
GET method, 143, 188
gettext, 250-253
Gibberish, 253-254
global searches, 56
global variables, 19
Globalize, 254, 257
example of, 258-268
glyphs, 239
GNU gettext, 250-253
GOTO construct, 26
graceful degradation, 135
grapheme, 239
grep method, 38
grouping arrays, 61
H[ Top ]
Haml, 283
Han characters, 239
Han unification, 241
Hash class, 67
hash message authentication code (HMAC), 143
Hash methods
assert_valid_keys, 68
delete, 48
diff, 67
from_xml, 67
Hash methods (continued)
new, 47
slice, 68
stringify_keys, 67
to_xml, 67
hashes
Core Extensions, 67
passwords, 128, 129
salting, 128
HashWithIndifferentAccess, 68
HEAD method, 189
headers
Referer, 131
User-Agent, 131
Heckle, 2
help command, 54
helpers, fragment caching, 180
hg heads command, 304
hidden form fields, 133
high availability, 120-124
higher-order functions, 36
hijacking sessions, 138
HMAC (hash message authentication code), 143
hosts, asset, 319
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
Authentication plugin, 89
caching, RESTful Rails, 219-222
client security, 130-135
methods, 189
response status codes, 222
state, 196
httperf, black-box performance measurement with, 151
hypermedia as driver of application state, 193
I[ Top ]
i18n (internationalization), 236, 290
character encodings, 237
ASCII, 237
Unicode, 238-249
locale, 236
ICLASS, 9
idempotent methods, 189
if_modified function, 221
If-No-Match header, 207
image_path method, 319
ImageScience, 107
implementation
continuations, 25-27
ObjectSpace, 276
partitioning, 115
importing applications, 309
include? method, 37
inclusion of modules, method lookups, 8-12
incorporating components, 284
ActionMailer, 287-289
ActiveRecord, 284-287
Independent Migrations plugin, 307
indexing
foreign key indexes, 168
full-text, 99, 169
performance, 167-171
spatial indexes, 170
statistics, updating, 171
Inflector, 59
inheritance
attributes, 62
classes, method lookups, 6
subclassing, 32
init.rb file, 84
initialization
applications, 75
environments, 311
ObjectGraph (Og), 278
inject method, 39
inline C code, writing, 182
install.rb file, 84
installing
plugins, 80-83
ruby-debug, 52-56
instance variables, 19
deprecated, 58
instance_exec method, 71
instance_methods method, 29
instantiation, classes, 7
integers, Core Extensions, 69
integration
continuous, 321
databases, 109
integrity, 137
constraints, 110
interface translation, 250-255
internationalization (see i18n)
interpreting benchmarking, 163
introspection, 28-36
Core Extensions, 70
semantic, 2
syntactic, 2
irb command, 54
issue tracking, 308
iv_tbl, 5
J[ Top ]
Japanese language, 238
JavaScript Object Notation (JSON), 59
JavaScript, URI encoding in UTF-8 environments, 249
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation), 59
K[ Top ]
Kerckhoffs' principle, 135
Kernel methods
Array, 48
binding, 27
caller, 50
daemonize, 69
system, 145
kernels, Core Extensions, 69
keys, 231
composite, 112-114
keywords
EXPLAIN, 171
super, 5, 7
kicker methods, 274
klass, 5
Korean language, 238
L[ Top ]
L10n (localization), 236, 290
applications, 250
Globalize example, 258-268
interface/resource translation, 250-255
locale-specific settings, 256
model translation, 257
lambda function, 23
large object deletion, 115
large projects
deployment, 315
application server, 319
Capistrano, 321
continuous integration, 321
front end web server, 317-319
shared-nothing scalability, 316-317
Vlad the Deployer, 321
issue tracking, 308
project structure, 309
environment initialization, 311
externals, 310
gems, 312
multi-application, 313-315
Subversion configuration, 309
version control, 296
branching and merging, 301-306
centralized, 296-299
database migrations, 306-308
decentralized, 299-301
large/binary objects, 101-109
Last-Modified response header, 207
layered system constraint, 186
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol), 124
left-to-right (LTR) text, 238
leveraging external programs, 182
lexical variables, continuations, 25-27
lib/ directory, 84
libraries
Action Profiler, 153
Action Web Service (AWS), 231
ActiveLDAP, 124
ActiveSupport (see ActiveSupport)
aspect-oriented programming (AOP), 33
attachment_fu, 107
DataMapper, 272
debugging, 52-56
DrySQL, 111
Ferret, 170
GeoKit, 170
JSON, 59
metaid.rb, 17
ObjectGraph (Og), 275-281
ParseTree, 2
licenses, 84
Lighthouse, 309
Lighttpd servers, 318
X-Sendfile configuration, 106
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), 124
Liquid, 282
Lisp, metaprogramming, 2
list command, 53
load balancing, 120-124
loading
ActionController, 92
files, dependencies, 57
plugins, 79
LOB (see large/binary objects)
local variables, 19
local_request? function, 136
locale, i18n, 236
localization (see L10n)
localize method, 256
logical separation, Liquid, 283
logs
production Log Analyzer, 153
shipping, 123
lookup
methods, 5-17
delaying until runtime, 23
variables, 19
LTR (left-to-right) text, 238
M[ Top ]
m_tbl, 5
MAC (message authentication code), 134
Magic Multi-Connections gem, 118
maintenance, running automatically, 171
management
database management systems (DBMSs)
MySQL, 98
Oracle, 100
PostgreSQL, 97
SQL Server, 100
SQLite, 100
sessions, 176
uploads, 107
map method, 38
maps
object-relational mapping (ORM), 96
type, 193
Markaby, 282
Marshal module, 286
master-slave replication, 121
Slony-I, 123
mathematics, black-box analysis, 148
max method, 39
mean, 148
measurement tools, 148-155
black-box analysis, 148-151
code timing, 151-153
database performance, 171
query plans, 171-173
Rails, 153-155
member? method, 37
memcached daemon, 119, 175
MemCacheStore, 175, 179
MemoryStore, 174
Mercurial
branching and merging, 303
revision numbers, 305
Mercurial Queues (MQ) extension, 161
merging, 301-306
files, access, 298
message authentication code (MAC), 134
messages
error, security, 136
file control console, 69
hash message authentication code (HMAC), 143
meta_def method, 18
meta_eval method, 18
metaclass method, 18
metaclasses
(see singleton classes)
metaid.rb library, 17
metaprogramming
(see programming)
metaprogramming techniques, 1-4
bindings, 27
continuations, 25-27
delaying method lookup until runtime, 23
generative programming, 24
viewing methods at runtime, 28-36
method_missing function, 17, 23
methods, 20-23
alias_method, 34
application_backtrace, 66
Array
*, 46
extract, 61
in_groups_of, 61
pack, 46
rand, 61
split, 61
to_s, 61
to_sentence, 61
to_xml, 61
arrays, 46
attr_accessible, 132
attr_accessor, 276
attr_protected, 132
before_save callback, 130
chaining, 33
Class, const_missing, 57
class_def, 18
clean_backtrace, 66
clean_message, 66
collect, 38
delegate, 70
DELETE, 190
deprecate, 58
detect, 37
Dir, 47
each_with_index, 39
emulation, 217
entries, 39
Enumerable
all?, 47
grep, 47
sort_by, 47
etag, 221
exceptions, 66
expire_fragment, 180
File
expand_path, 144
join, 47
open, 47
find, 37
find_all, 37
find_with_attributes, 281
framework_backtrace, 66
functionality, adding to existing, 32
garbage collection, 29
GET, 188
grep, 38
Hash
asset_valid_keys, 68
delete, 48
diff, 67
from_xml, 67
new, 47
slice, 68
stringify_keys, 67
to_xml, 67
HEAD, 189
idempotent, 189
image_path, 319
inject, 39
instance_exec, 71
instance_methods, 29
Kernel
Array, 48
binding, 27
caller, 50
daemonize, 69
system, 145
kicker, 274
localize, 256
lookup, 5-17
delaying until runtime, 23
map, 38
max, 39
meta_def, 18
meta_eval, 18
metaclass, 18
method_missing, 23
min, 39
Module
const_missing, 57
define, 25
instance_methods, 29
remove_method, 48
undef_method, 48
Object#methods, 29
objects, 20
partition, 38
POST, 190
proc, 48
Proc#binding, 28
PUT, 189
reader, 25
refresh_without_timing, 34
reject, 38
respond_to, 217
runtime, viewing at, 28-36
safe, 188, 189
sanitize, 140
select, 37
session storage, 137
silence_stream, 69
silence_warnings, 69
sort, 38
sort_by, 38, 274
String
%, 48
scan, 48
unpack, 46
suppress, 69
Symbol#to_proc, 74
to_a, 39
to_hash, 275
to_sql, 275
UnboundMethod, 20
zip, 38
Microsoft SQL Server, 100
migration
ActiveRecord, 285
databases, 306-308
MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions), 209
types, 218
min method, 39
MiniMagick, 107
MIT license, 84
mitigation
cross-site request forgery (CSRF), 142
cross-site scripting (XSS), 140
.mo files, 252
models
ActiveRecord, 315
copy-modify-merge, 297
translation, 257
user, 130
version control, 296
branching and merging, 301-306
centralized, 296-299
database migrations, 306-308
decentralized, 299-301
Module methods
const_missing, 57
define_method, 25
instance_methods, 29
remove_method, 48
undef_method, 48
modules, 297
ActiveMerchant, 35
Core Extensions, 70
Enumerable, 37
inclusion, method lookups, 8-12
Marshal, 286
ObjectSpace, 28-36
overview of, 4
modulization, 34
Mongrel, 78, 108
monkeypatching, 31, 34
MQ (Mercurial Queues) extension, 161
mulitmaster replication, 123
multi-application projects, 313-315
multibyte character support, 242
multilingualization, 241
multiple databases, connecting, 116-118
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (see MIME)
multiversion concurrency control (MVCC), 97, 98
MVCC (multiversion concurrency control), 97, 98
MyISAM, 99
MySQL, 98, 121
8-bit Unicode Transformation Format (UTF-8), 245
clusters, 121
large/binary objects, 103
N[ Top ]
named branches in Mercurial, 306
names
constants, 4
opacity, 191
nested resource routes, 214
nginx servers, 318
normalization, Unicode, 243
notation, JSON, 59
numeric conversions, 71
O[ Top ]
Object#methods, 29
ObjectGraph (Og), 275-281
object-relational mapping (ORM), 96
objects, 231
class, singleton classes of, 14-17
Core Extensions, 71
JSON, 59
large, deleting, 115
large/binary, 101-109
method lookups, 5-17
methods, 20
promise, 274
session, 58
tainting, 146
ObjectSpace module, 28-36
implementation, 276
obscurity, avoiding security through, 135
OG (ObjectGraph), 275-281
opacity, name, 191
opening classes, 31
optimization
source control and, 161
(see also performance)
OPTIMIZE TABLE command, 171
options
Core Extensions, 61
register_globals, 131
Oracle, 100
clustering, 124
large/binary objects, 103
ORDER BY clause, 274
ORM (object-relational mapping), 96
P[ Top ]
page caching, 177
ParseTree library, 2
partition method, 38
partitioning data, 115
passwords
hashing, 128, 129
recovery, 129
patches, contributing, 291
pen, 318
perf_run command, 163
performance
ActiveRecord, 165
1+N problem, 166
indexing, 167-171
SQL, 165
architecture, scalability, 173-181
benchmarking, 161-164
caching, 176
action, 177
fragment, 178
page, 177
sweepers, 180
databases, 171
query plans, 171-173
measurement tools, 148-155
black-box analysis, 148-151
code timing, 151-153
Rails Analyzer Tools, 153-155
profiling, 155-161
sessions
ActiveRecordStore, 174
CookieStore, 176
management, 176
MemCacheStore, 175
scalability, 174
pg_autovacuum daemon, 171
PGCluster, 124
Piston, 81
Subversion externals and, 310
plain text, password recovery, 129
plugins, 79, 314
about.yml file, 83
account_location, 85-87
attachments, 107
Deadlock Retry, 93
examples of, 85-90
Ferret library, 170
Gibberish, 253-254
Globalize, 254, 257
example of, 258-268
HTTP Authentication, 89
Independent Migrations, 307
installing, 80-83
Liquid, 283
loading, 79
restfully_yours, 221
ssl-requirement, 87
testing, 90-95
whitelists, 141
writing, 83-85
(see also applications)
POST method, 190
PostgreSQL, 97
8-bit Unicode Transformation Format (UTF-8), 247
high availability, 123
large/binary objects, 102
.pot files, 251
pound, 318
precomposed characters, 243
predicates, 37
privileges, DROP TABLE, 144
Proc method, 48
Proc#binding method, 28
processing
forms, 132
upload, 108
procs, 20-23
production branches, 302
Production Log Analyzer, 153
profiling
Action Profiler, 153
actions, 155-157
programming
ActiveSupport, 57
Core Extensions, 60-75
dependencies, 57
deprecation, 58
Inflector, 59
JSON, 59
Whiny Nil, 60
aspect-oriented programming (AOP), 32
programming (continued)
bottom-up, 3
functional, 36-41
metaprogramming, 1-4
reading code, 49-57
progress, upload, 108
progressive enhancement, 135
project structure, 309
environment initialization, 311
externals, 310
gems, 312
multi-application, 313-315
Subversion configuration, 309
(see also large projects)
promises (lazy evaluation), 274
properties, session storage methods, 137
prototyping, 287
proxy classes, delegation with, 30
PStore, 174
PUT method, 189
R[ Top ]
Rails
contributing to, 289-295
unit tests, 293
Rails Analyzer Tools, 153-155
Action Profiler, 153
Production Log Analyzer, 153
RailsBench tool, 161-164
rainbow attacks, 128
Rakefile, 84
customizing, 288
random selection, 61
ranges, Core Extensions, 72
rapid prototyping, 287
RaPT, 80
reader methods, 25
reading
call stacks, 50
code, 49-57
tests, 56
README file (plugins), 85
receiving email, 289
recovery, passwords, 129
redundant code, 3
Referer header, 131
register_globals option, 131
reject method, 38
replacing components
ActiveRecord, 271-281
alternative template engines, 282-284
replication
factor, 121
master-slave, 121
multimaster, 123
reporting, 69
repository hooks, 297
Representational State Transfer (see REST)
representations, 193-195
reprofiling, 158-161
Request Tracker (RT), 308
resource-based URIs, 134
resources
ActiveResource, 223-230
architecture, 233
Representational State Transfer (REST), 190-193
routing, 211-216
state, 195
sessions, 198
translation, 250-255
respond_to method, 217
response status codes, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), 222
REST (Representational State Transfer)
benefits of, 205-209
overview of, 185-187
representations, 193-195
resources, 190-193
RESTful Rails, 209-231
statelessness, 195-205
verbs, 187-190
RESTful Rails URI conventions, 199
restfully_yours plugin, 221
results, interpreting benchmarking, 163
revision
code, downloading, 297
Mercurial numbers, 305
right-to-left (RTL) text, 238
RMagick, 107, 182
robustness to change, 208
routing
code, 43
resources, 211-216
RESTful, 210
RT (Request Tracker), 308
RTL (right-to-left) text, 238
Ruby-DBI (Ruby database-independent adapter), 100
ruby-debug, 52-56
RubyGems, 312, 314
Magic Multi-Connections, 118
RubyInline, 182
rules, 114
method lookups, 5
running
benchmarks, 163
maintenance automatically, 171
runtime
Apache Portable Runtime (APR), 299
feature change, 41
methods
delaying lookup until, 23
viewing at, 28-36
S[ Top ]
safe methods, 188, 189
salting passwords, 128
SAN (storage area network), 124
sanitize method, 140
scaffolding, 291
scalability
architecture, 173-181
Representational State Transfer (REST), 206
shared-nothing, 316-317
Scalable Coherent Interconnect (SCI), 121
scanning profiles, 158-161
schemas
ActiveRecord migration, 285
definition methods, 129
SCI (Scalable Coherent Interconnect), 121
script/plugin tool, 80-83
searching
code, 49
global searches, 56
Seaside, 26
security
application design, 127-137
architecture
canonicalization, 143
cross-site request forgery (CSRF), 141-143
cross-site scripting (XSS), 139-141
sessions, 137-139
web issues, 137-144
authentication, 127-130
clients, 130-135
environments, 145
error messages, 136
Liquid, 283
obscurity, 135
secure fallback, 135
SQL injection, 144
whitelists, 137
select method, 37
selection
of representations, 193
tools, 182
semantic introspection, 2
sendfile function, 104
sending data with X-Sendfile, 105
separation of concerns, 4
Serializable isolation level, 97
servers
8-bit Unicode Transformation Format (UTF-8), 248
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Services) case study, 234
Apache, 318
applications, 319
black-box analysis, 148
front end web, 317-319
Lighttpd, 318
nginx, 318
pen, 318
pound, 318
services
Action Web Service (AWS), 231
ActiveResource, 223-230
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) case study, 231-235
serving static files, X-Sendfile, 107
sessions
cookies, 138
cross-site request forgery (CSRF), 141
hijacking, 138
management, 176
objects, 58
scalability, 174
security, 137-139
state, 195
resources, 198
sticky, 138, 197
storage
ActiveRecordStore, 174
CookieStore, 134, 176
fragments, 179
MemCacheStore, 175
methods, 137
Settings constructor, 31
S-expressions, 2
shared-nothing architecture, 197
shared-nothing scalability, 316-317
shells, security, 145
silence_stream method, 69
silence_warnings method, 69
simplicity
Liquid, 282
of Representational State Transfer (REST), 206
singleton classes, 12-14
of class objects, 14-17
resource routes, 215
Slony-I, 123
Smalltalk web application framework, 26
sort method, 38
sort_by method, 38, 274
source control and optimization, 161
spatial indexes, 170
SQL (Structured Query Language)
ActiveRecord performance, 165
injection, 144
performance, 171
query plans, 171-173
(see also databases)
SQL Server, 100
SQLite, 100
ssl_requirement plugin, 87
stacks
continuations, 25-27
reading, 50
standalone data stores, ActiveRecord, 286
standard deviation, 149
starting ruby-debug, 52-56
state
continuations, 25-27
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), 196
resources, 195
session, 195, 198
stateless constraint, 186
statelessness, 195-205
statements, bindings, 27
static files
asset hosts for, 319
X-Sendfile, 107
statistical calculations, 65
statistics, 148
indexes, updating, 171
sticky sessions, 138, 197
storage
8-bit Unicode Transformation Format (UTF-8), 245-248
databases, 102
filesystems, 103
sessions
CookieStore, 134
methods, 137
storage area network (SAN), 124
stored procedures, 114
stores
ActiveRecord standalone data, 286
session fragments, 179
String methods
%, 48
scan, 48
unpack, 46
strings, Core Extensions, 72
structure, project, 309
environment initialization, 311
externals, 310
gems, 312
multi-application, 313-315
Subversion configuration, 309
Structured Query Language (see SQL)
subclassing, 32
Subversion, 253, 298
branching and merging, 302
configuration, 309
Subverted Migrations, 307
super keyword, 5, 7
suppress method, 69
svn import command, 309
sweepers, cache, 180
Symbol#to_proc method, 74
syntactic introspection, 2
SyslogLogger, 153
T[ Top ]
tables, rainbow, 128
tainting, 146
TamperedWithCookie exception, 134, 138
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), sequence-number prediction attack, 138
templates
alternative engines, 282-284
New Product, 226
test fixtures, 94, 315
test/ directory, 85
Test-Driven Development (test-first) style, 56
testing
components, 293
plugins, 90-95
reading tests, 56
text
bidirectional, 238
copy-modify-merge model, 297
full-text indexing, 169
gettext, 250-253
password recovery, 129
text editors, 50
tickets, filing, 292
time
calculations, 64
conversions, 64
formats, 63
Timestamped Migrations, 308
TimeZone, 75
timing, code, 151-153
to_a method, 39
to_hash method, 275
to_sql method, 275
tokens, hash message authentication code (HMAC), 143
tools
continuous integration, 321
measurement, 148-155
black-box analysis, 148-151
code timing, 151-153
Rail Analyzer Tools, 153-155
RailsBench, 161-164
ruby-debug, 52-56
RubyInline, 182
script/plugin, 80-83
selecting, 182
Trac, 309
issue-tracking, 292
tracking issues, 308
TRADITIONAL command, 99
traffic, black-box analysis, 148
transformers, 38
translation
adding, 255
files, creating, 253
GNU gettext, 250-253
interface/resource, 250-255
models, 257
transparency, requirement of HTTP caching, 206
transparent subclasses, 33
triangles, REST, 187
triggers, 114
troubleshooting
ASCII, 238
components, 293
debugging, 52-56
plugins, 90-95
security, 137-144
canonicalization, 143
cross-site request forgery (CSRF), 141-143
cross-site scripting (XSS), 139-141
sessions, 137-139
trunks, cloning, 303
type maps, 193
types
content, 193-195
RESTful Rails, 217-219
of variables, 19
U[ Top ]
UnboundMethod, 20
Unicode, 238-249
uniform interface constraint, 186
uniformity, Representational State Transfer (REST), 209
uninstall.rb file, 85
unit tests, 293
update commands, 297
updating index statistics, 171
uploading
management, 107
processing, 108
progress, 108
URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers)
extensions, 193
resource-based, 134
RESTful Rails conventions, 199
User model, 130
User-Agent header, 131
UTF-8 (8-bit Unicode Transformation Format), 239
conversion, 248-249
input, filtering, 244
servers, 248
storage, 245-248
V[ Top ]
VACUUM ANALYZE command, 171
validation, client-side, 133
values, functional programming, 36-41
variables
classes, 19
continuations, 25-27
global, 19
instance, deprecated, 58
instances, 19
local, 19
lookup, 19
verbs, 187-190
version control, 296
branching and merging, 301-306
centralized, 296-299
database migrations, 306-308
decentralized, 299-301
versions
Concurrent Versions System (CVS), 297
decentralized control, 82
Subversion, 298
Vietnamese language, 238
VIP (Virtual IP address), 122
virtual classes, 13
Virtual IP address (VIP), 122
Vlad the Deployer, 321
VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol), 316, 318
W[ Top ]
warm standby, 123
Web Accelerator, 188
web applications, security design, 127-137
web servers, front end, 317-319
web services
Action Web Service (AWS), 231
Active Resource, 223-230
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) case study, 231-235
Western European languages, 238
Whiny Nil, 60
whitelists, 137
plugins, 141
working copy, 297
writing
code on-the-fly, 24
inline C code, 182
patches, 291
plugins, 83-85
WWW-Authenticate header, 89
X[ Top ]
X-Sendfile
configuration, 106
sending data with, 105
XSS (cross-site scripting), 139-141
Z[ Top ]
ZenTest suite of tools, 322
zip method, 38
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