A Dictionary of British and Irish History

I

ICE AGES

see GLACIATIONS

ICI

see IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES

ILLTUD

(b. c.470; d. c.530, aged about 60). A renowned scholar, possibly from Brittany; founder and abbot of the monastery of Llantwit Major (S Wales), where DAVID, Samson of Dol, and GILDAS are said to have studied. Illtud is the dedicatee (as saint) of churches in SE Wales and Brittany. See also CONVERSION OF WALES; MONASTICISM, MEDIEVAL WALES.

IMMIGRATION AND ASYLUM LEGISLATION, SOUTHERN IRELAND

The IRISH FREE STATE (founded 1922) initially maintained UK legislation, and effectively remained a single area with the UK (except during WORLD WAR II, 1939–45, with restrictions until 1952 for Great Britain). It enacted legislation concerning ‘aliens’ (non‐native immigrants) in 1935 after passing citizenship legislation: its Aliens Act replaced the 1914 and 1919 UK Aliens Restriction Acts with similar provisions, authorizing the minister for justice to consider immigration applications, prohibit admissions, undertake deportations, and operate residence requirements. Entry of the Republic of Ireland to the EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY (EEC) in 1973 included right of residence for EEC citizens. From 1986 some non‐EEC citizens associated with business investment were allowed residence. The State’s power to deport was upheld by a legal judgment (1986), but another judgment affirmed that foreign‐born parents of an Irish‐born child were entitled to reside (1989). IMMIGRATION was relatively low until the mid 1990s. ...