A Practical Introduction to Human-in-the-Loop Cyber-Physical Systems

Chapter 10Requirements and Challenges for HiTL Applications

Many roadblocks stand in the path of future HiTLCPSs. In this chapter, we will attempt to identify some of the major requirements and challenges that still need to be addressed before we start to see a truly human-aware IoA. These include resilience, security, and privacy, standard communications, localization, state inference, and safety.

10.1 Resilience

It is important to extend current research by providing resilient and performance-controlled solutions for IoA environmental interactions. Instead of targeting previously planned and static deployments, new performance-controlled systems will need to be designed in an adaptable way in order to operate in dynamic environments and to enable coordinated HiTL control. This also has to be achieved while keeping the system performance under acceptable levels, even in the presence of mobility and a diversity of faults. These requirements raise a number of new challenges that must be addressed to enable the successful implementation of the IoA and HiTL paradigms in real-world situations, particularly in critical ones (e.g. industrial management or healthcare).

Key innovation still needs to be achieved in terms of performance-aware models and mechanisms that enhance the overall performance and management of HiTL systems. An inherent ability for handling faults in these naturally distributed environments also needs to be considered. To allow performance-controlled HiTLCPSs ...