Acoustics: Sound Fields, Transducers and Vibration, 2nd Edition

15.16. Frequency response

A simplified on-axis frequency response of the electrostatic loudspeaker using linear approximations is shown in Fig. 15.18, although the full response from the analogous circuit of Fig. 15.16 together with Eq. (15.92) is given by

Figure 15.18 Frequency response using linear approximations. Solid curve is for no delay and dashed curve is for constant directivity (virtual oscillating sphere), which is achieved using concentric ring electrodes fed from tappings along a delay line, as described in Sections 15.4–15.6 .

p ˜ ( r ) = j ε 0 k a 2 ς · E P d · e ˜ in 2 d · e −