11Transmission Planning for Wind Energy in the United States and Europe: Status and Prospects
Charles Smith1, Dale Osborn2, Robert Zavadil3, Warren Lasher4, Emilio Gómez‐Lázaro5, Ana Estanqueiro6, Thomas Trotscher7, John Tande8, Magnus Korpas8, Frans Van Hulle9, Hannele Holttinen10, Antje Orths11, Daniel Burke12, Mark O'Malley12, Jan Dobschinski13, Barry Rawn14, Madeline Gibescu14 and Lewis Dale15
1 UWIG, Reston, VA, USA
2 MISO, St. Paul, MN, USA
3 EnerNex, Knoxville, TN, USA
4 ERCOT, Taylor, TX, USA
5 Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Castilla‐La Mancha, Spain
6 LNEG, Lisbon, Portugal
7 Statnett, Husebybakken 28 B, Oslo, Norway
8 SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway
9 EWEA, Brussels, Belgium
10 VTT, Finland
11 Energinet.dk, Denmark
12 UC Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
13 IWES, Germany
14 TU Delft, Delft, South Holland, the Netherlands
15 National Grid, London, UK
This chapter provides an overview of major transmission planning activities related to wind integration studies in the United States and Europe. Transmission planning for energy resources is different from planning for capacity resources. Those differences are explained, and illustrated with examples from several regions of the United States and Europe. Transmission planning for wind is becoming an iterative process consisting of generation expansion planning, economic‐based transmission planning, system reliability analysis, and wind integration studies. A brief look at the policy environment in which this activity is ...