Absorption of Sound in Seawater
Abstract
This chapter discusses the absorption of sound in seawater and its dependence upon factors, such as salinity, temperature, pH, and pressure. A key mechanism is the molecular chemical relaxation process associated with magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), and boric acid (B(OH)3) in seawater. From a few hundred hertz to a few kilohertz the boric acid molecular chemical relaxation appears to be the dominant source of observed absorption, while above a few kilohertz magnesium sulfate chemical relaxation appears to dominate. Selected experimental results from data collected over the past few decades in field and laboratory experiments ...
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