502 Artifi cial Intelligence in Power System Optimization
Fig. 2.24 The results from 50 trials with the IEEE 30 bus test system.
Color Plate Section 503
B(P
d
) = – 0.01P
d
2
+80P
d
C(P
1
) = 0.05 P
1
2
+18P
1
B(P
d
) – C(P
1
)
Cost
MW
15000
10000
5000
0
50 100 150 200 250 300
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
Incremental Cost
MW
– 0.02P
d
+ 80
0.1P
5
+ 18
50 100 150 200 250 300
Fig. 2.37 The maximum social welfare objective.
504 Artifi cial Intelligence in Power System Optimization
Chapter 5
Fig. 5.4 The linearized cost function.
Color Plate Section 505
Chapter 6
Line Q
Loss
as per Load Change (in SIL)
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
–0.2
Q
Loss
(in SIL)
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
Real Power Load (SIL)
0.7 lagging
0.8 lagging
0.9 lagging
1
0.9 leading
0.8 leading
0.7 lagging
0.8 lagging
0.9 lagging
1
0.9 leading
0.8 leading
Real Power Load (SIL)
|Vr/Vs| as per Load Change (in SIL)
|Vr/Vs| (p.u.)
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
1.2
1.1
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
Fig. 6.3 Q
Loss
as per power loading (211 km).
Fig. 6.4 Receiving end voltage as per real power loading (211 km).
506 Artifi cial Intelligence in Power System Optimization
P-V Curve
Active Power Transfer (p.u.)
Receiving End Bus Voltage (p.u.)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
p.f.=0.9 lagging
p.f.=1.0
p.f.=0.9 leading
Line Q
Loss
as per Load Change (in SIL)
Real Power Load (SIL)
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
–0.2
Q
Loss
(in SIL)
0.7 lagging
0.8 lagging
0.9 lagging
1
0.9 leading
0.8 leading
Fig. 6.6 P-V Curve.
Fig. 6.16 Q
Loss
as per power loading (105 km).
Get Artificial Intelligence in Power System Optimization now with the O’Reilly learning platform.
O’Reilly members experience books, live events, courses curated by job role, and more from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers.
