Chapter 9Investing in Assessments of Deeper Learning: The Costs and Benefits of Tests That Help Students Learn

Barry Topol, John Olson, Ed Roeber, Linda Darling-Hammond, and Frank Adamson

The changing nature of work and society in today’s world places a premium not simply on students acquiring information, but on their ability to analyze, evaluate, design, and create new solutions and products. By the turn of the twenty-first century, for example, the top skills demanded by Fortune 500 companies had shifted from reading, writing, and arithmetic to teamwork, problem solving, and interpersonal skills (Cassel & Kolstad, 1998; Creativity in Action, 1990). Employers’ demands for routine skills had waned and had been replaced by a sharp increase ...

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