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Nanocrystalline Diamond Biosensors
Prabhu U. Arumugam, Shabnam Siddiqui, Hongjun Zeng, and John A. Carlisle
10.1 Introduction
Biosensors that can reliably detect target analytes in minimally prepared complex samples
in real time represent one of the greatest challenges for remote environmental monitor-
ing, point-of-use diagnostics, personalized medicine, and national security. Considerable
progress has already been made to engineer stable antibodies that remain functional in
harsh storage and operating conditions and to use advanced fabrication methods that can
precisely pattern micro- and nanoscale electrode architectures for higher sen