Biosensors Nanotechnology

4Biosensors in 2D Photonic Crystals

Gowdhami D. and V. R. Balaji*

School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vandalur, Kelambakkam Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Photonic crystal (PC)-based biosensors are said to be an emerging field in the fields of photonics and biosensing. The PC is an artificially made periodic array of dielectric material that influences the propagating modes of the structure and is said to be a potential platform for sensing applications. The variation of the refractive index of the analyte is the important property that has been used to detect the different biomaterials. Despite the fact that these materials are artificial crystal structures, they have some distinguishing characteristics such as immunity to electromagnetic interference, micro-/nano-sized structures, small/specific sensing regions, and are highly selective and sensitive. The samples required to detect the diseases are very low and respond quickly. Multianalyte detection systems are also said to be developed by many research teams, and integrating the same with the Photonic Integrated system is the major goal. On the whole, the Finite Difference Time Domain method and Plane Wave Expansion methods have been used to study the computation and dispersion characteristics of the photonic crystal.

Keywords: Photonic crystal, refractive index, photonic bandgap, analyte, finite difference time domain, planewave expansion method

4.1 Introduction

In today’s fast ...