64. Robert McNamara Was Wrong

You Must Respond to All Questions

Robert S. McNamara was the Secretary of Defense from 1961 to 1968 and the driving force behind the controversial Vietnam War. He went on to a more successful stint as head of the World Bank and lived until the ripe old age of 93, but according to his New York Times obituary, “spent the rest of his life wrestling with the war’s moral consequences.”1

As part of his struggle, he agreed to be the subject of a 2003 documentary in which he expressed regrets but ultimately defended his actions. The film is called The Fog of War: Eleven Lessons of Robert S. McNamara. Lesson Ten is about communication, and it contains sound advice for presenters about what not to do. Mr. McNamara said:

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