
8-1
8
Indeterminate Forms
L e a rnin g Obje c ti v e s
After reading this chapter, you will be conversant with:
♦ Indeterminate Form and Its Evaluation
♦ Method of Expansion
♦ L’ Hospital’s Rule: Form 1: 0/0
♦ L’ Hospital’s Rule: Form 2: ¥/¥
♦ L’ Hospital’s Rule: Form 3: 0 ´ ¥
♦ L’ Hospital’s Rule: Form 4: ¥ - ¥
♦ L’ Hospital’s Rule: Form 5: 0
0
, 1
¥
, ¥
0
Introduction
It is seen that a function can be evaluated at a point by directly plugging in that point in the function.
However, the direct substitution at times leads to a form which cannot be directly determined. For
example, the function (x
2
- 9)/(x - 3) for x = 3 assumes the form 0/0 and hence ...