
12-1
L e a rnin g Obje c ti v e s
After reading this chapter, you will be conversant with:
♦ Integration by Substitution
♦ Integration of Functions of the Form
1
2
ax bx c+ +
and
Ax B
ax bx c
+
+ +
2
♦ Integration by Parts
♦ Integration of Exponential Functions
♦ Integration of Trigonometric Functions and Their Reduction Formulae
Introduction
As discussed in the previous chapter, the problem of evaluating an integral f x dx( )
ò
is equivalent to
obtaining a function, F such that dF(x) = f(x) dx. At times, seeing the integral we may feel that it is a
very difficult task. For instance, seeing the integrals such as e dx
x
2
ò
,
sin
,
sec
xe
dx
x
2
ò
e
t
dt
t