Foundation Summary

The “Foundation Summary” is a condensed collection of material for a convenient review of key concepts in this chapter. If you are already comfortable with the topics in this chapter and decided to skip most of the “Foundation Topics” material, the “Foundation Summary” will help you recall a few details. If you just read the “Foundation Topics” section, this review should help further solidify some key facts. If you are doing your final preparation before the exam, the “Foundation Summary” offers a convenient and quick final review.

Table 2-17. OSI Model
OSI Name and Layer NumberDescription
Application layer (Layer 7)The application layer is closest to the end user, which means that the application is being accessed by the end ...

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