Modelling fracture processes in bones 269
This chapter contains a literature review on nite-element modelling of both
macroscopic and microscopic fracture behaviours of the cortical bone tissue
followed by the formulation of a number of nite-element models (FEMs)
that are then used to investigate deformation and fracture of cortical bone
employing an extended nite-element method (X-FEM) at different length
scales and under various loading conditions. These models include:
1. Two-dimensional (2D) FEMs to simulate macroscale-level fracture and
deformation of a single-edge-notch bending (SENB) cortical specimens
in a three-point bending set-up. Additionally, spatial variability and
anisotropy of the fracture resistance of cortical ...