
Modelling fracture processes in bones 295
each other. Although the criterion used for crack initiation was the same for
all of the models, their different topologies resulted in different distributions
of stresses and strains that, in turn, led to differences in the applied stresses
required to advance the microcracks.
These results are also supported by Fig. 9.15 that shows that, at the same
level of deformation, microcracks in Model I grew quicker compared to those
in microstructured models. Also, there was a signi cant difference between
the total length of microcracks at the point of fracture. It was also noticed
that without cement ...