384 Computational Modelling of Biomechanics and Biotribology
towards real life conditions, but never exact values. The main limitations
in the described models and methods are consideration of the surface
structures and simulation of impaction. The surface characteristics are
somehow included in the friction formulation of the implant–bone inter-
face, but the real contact surface characteristics are not taken into account.
Consequently, a better understanding of the in uence of surface character-
istics and advanced modelling of surface structures may be an objective of
future developments.
The cup impaction is usually modelled as a pure static event. Nevertheless,
intraoperative impaction is a highly dynamic process depending, for example, ...