146 Computational Modelling of Biomechanics and Biotribology
modulus) and v
M
(as Poisson ratio), and following the homogenization
approach proposed by Marino and Vairo (2014) and Maceri et al . (2013),
brils can be reduced to equivalent one-dimensional line-like elements,
comprising a transversally isotropic material with a symmetry axis coinci-
dent with the bril one. Accordingly, equivalent Poisson ratios ( v
F
), tangent
tensile ( E
F
) and shear ( G
F
) elastic moduli of a collagen bril result in:
E
E
A
k
EE
FF
mm
m
mo
FM
E
,
,
,
,
1
1
1
ε
λ
k
ε
m
(
)
=
(
)
+
⎡
⎣
⎢
⎡
⎡
⎣
⎣
⎤
⎦
⎥
⎤
⎤
⎦
⎦
−
cl
[5.6]
νν
ν
ν
FF
νν
MF
M
M
G
F
E
,,
F
,
22
12
21
=
ν
F
ν
22
=
+
(
)
[5.7]
where subscripts ...
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