
268 ◾ Computational Thinking for the Modern Problem Solver
As is oen the case, maybe the requirements just were not properly ana-
lyzed. Whatever the reason, it is all too common for customer wishes to be
somewhat dierent from written requirements. is leads to two dierent
kinds of correctness:
1. Soware can be correct with respect to the customer’s wishes.
2. Soware can be correct with respect to the written specications.
(We dene specications as some documented form of intended so-
ware behavior.)
Soware engineers refer to the process of ensuring correctness as veri-
cation and validation (V&V). Validation ensures that the prod ...