139Food Waste Utilization
(anessential oil with a strong aroma of orange that is widely used in avorings and
the chemical industry) and pectin (a gelling agent used in the food industry) can be
extracted from orange peel. Other products can be generated through the microbial
conversion of lignocellulose. These include ethanol (by hydrolysis and fermentation),
methane (byAD), pectic enzymes, single cell protein, and vitamins.
Other potential uses for waste orange peel that were suggested by Siles López etal.
(2010) included use in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated
wastewaters
and for the adsorption of phosphate; as activated citrus extract for dermatological
treatments and as a preservative; a supplement for paper pulp production; ...