The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill disaster demonstrates the thoughtless mode, which allows issue ignorance to escalate into argument, then conflict, and ultimately crisis. Issues spiral into arguments when public deliberation and advocacy concerning a particular problem/opportunity has not yet reached a satisfactory solution. Heath (1997) argues that corporate accountability, and the standards associated with enacting and promoting social responsibility, is the “product of advocacy,” which is a “debate” over the standards by which organizations are judged. He defines corporate advocacy as “management of issues” in a variety of institutional industries and sectors, including the marketplace (1980, p. 370). Organizations ...
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