Cyber-Physical Systems

CHAPTER 4 Towards Industry 4.0 versus the Covid-19 Crisis – The Use of Selected Technologies (ICT) in Business

Bożena Gajdzik

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1. Introduction

At the beginning of the 21^st Century, the concept of Industry 4.0 appeared as an industry development strategy for economies around the world, especially highly developed economies [1]. For any economy, industry is the engine of economic growth. The development of production technology in the last quarter of a century has been very fast, and in combination with digitization it enables the creation of cyber-physical production systems (CPPS) [2, 3]. Industry 4.0 is seen by governments and enterprises as an opportunity to increase productivity and competitiveness. Industry ...