Appendix 1. Appendix: Equivalent Constructs Among Databases
Relational databases support SQL in the same way that English is the language of the Great Britain, the United States, India, and Jamaica. Although there is much in common among the databases, each dialect has its own vocabulary and accents.
Throughout the book, the SQL examples have used Microsoft T‐SQL as the dialect of choice. There are a number of things in SQL that varies from database to database. The purpose of the appendix is to show equivalent SQL constructs in different databases. The five database engines are:
IBM UDB, version 7 and above;
Microsoft, version 2005;
mysql, version 5 and above;
Oracle version 9 and above; and
SAS proc sql.
The databases from IBM, Microsoft, and Oracle are commercial products, although single‐user versions can often be downloaded for no cost. mysql is a free database engine. SAS proc sql is the SQL engine within the SAS language (the most popular commercial statistical software). When using SAS, proc sql can be used in two different modes. In one, it communicates directly to a database, and supports the language of the database. In the other, it runs within SAS and uses SAS's particular constructs.
This appendix is provided as is, without any guarantees that the software has not changed for whatever reason. The following documentation web sites are available for each of the databases:
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