192 Ecological Sustainability
electricity produce approximately 378 MWh/year. However, this is less than
5% of Canada’s total yearly electricity consumption (Centre 2012).
A 2000 list of biomass power plants with start-up dates from 1979 to 1998 was
given in a report by Wiltsee (2000). Some plants use sawmill waste (Mill); oth-
ers logging waste (tops, branches, stumps) (Forest); agricultural waste (stover,
bagasse, etc.) (Ag); urban refuse (Urban); manufacturing waste (sawdust) (Mfg);
old tires (Tires); tire-derived fuel (TDF); landll gas (LFG) (mostly CH
4
); and
recycled material fuels (plastics, paper, cardboard, wood) (RDF). Biomass elec-
tricity is generally inexpensive to generate because the fuel is largely free waste,
and the costs inc ...