
110 Electrochemically Enabled Sustainability
A major development bottleneck for MFCs is the low process performance
when compared to its competitors (e.g. methanogenic anaerobic digesters).
In particular, the power output in MFCs systems is relatively low (current
maximum 1.55 kW m
−3
) [80]. The construction of large-scale, highly ef-
cient MFCs is considered to be technically difcult. The high-cost materi-
als used in current MFCs makes it economically unattractive; and further
understanding of exoelectrogenic bacteria and their function mechanisms is
needed. However, we can see that numerous studies have been performed
on MFC technologies in ...