
151Lithium Batteries
[76] have examined a series of metal oxides. Among these, the most promis-
ing is α-MnO
2
(see Figure 3.37) [80]; in fact, this material is currently used as
the preferred catalyst for OER in lithium–oxygen cells.
Additional studies have been conducted on various classes of alternative
catalysts materials. Nazar and co-workers have recently reported that nano-
crystalline Co
3
O
4
grown on reduced graphene oxide promoted a signicant
Pt
0.5
Au
0.5
NPs
Pt
0.6
Au
0.4
NP surface
5.0
1 M LiClO
4
in PC/DME(1:2)
Carbon
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
E versus Li (V
Li
)
2.5
100 mA/g and 0.04 mA/cm
2
2.0
0 400
Q (mAh/g
carbon
)
ORR @ Au
OER @ Pt
800 1200
PtAu/C
Xu et al., JPCL 1,2514-2518 ...