
275Advanced Batteries and Improvements inElectrode Materials
particle size at 200°C is 50 nm, and increases to 100 nm, 300 nm and 1 μm at
500°C, 700°C and 900°C, respectively, while the BET surface area continues to
decrease with increasing temperature, thus leading to a decrease in capacity.
LiCoOLiCoO Li e
212
−
x
x
(7.14)
Layered LiCoO
2
is a proven cathode material for LIBs. But it has certain
limitations, such as (i) a limited availability, toxicity and high cost of cobalt,
(ii) a low realisable reversible capacity of LiCoO
2
of ~165 mAh/g correspond-
ing to ~0.6 equivalents of Li per mole of LiCoO
2
; the complete removal of
(a)
(b)
100 nm