▶ 12.2 Internet Transport Protocols
The “hourglass” diagram in Chapter 10 (Figure 10.17) illustrates how internet protocols support a broad range of networking technologies at the bottom and a broad range of applications at the top. Almost all of these rely on the standard network and transport protocols. IP provides global addressing for internet hosts. TCP and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) provide data transport between processes on any two of those hosts.
Both TCP and UDP headers carry port numbers that indicate the process sending or receiving the packet at a host. Often the port numbers connect client processes to server processes. When a client opens a connection to a particular server, the client’s protocol stack randomly selects ...
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