Chapter 1Introduction to Emerging Areas in Bioengineering
Ho Nam Chang
1.1 Biotechnology
“Biotechnology” was used first time by Hungarian engineer Karoly Ereky in 1919 and refers to the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or “any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use” (UN Convention on Biological Diversity, Art. 2) [1, 2].
The concept of “biotech” or “biotechnology” encompasses a wide range of procedures for modifying living organisms according to human purposes, going back to domestication of animals, cultivation of the plants, and “improvements” to these through breeding programs employing artificial ...
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