
154 Engineering Response to Climate Change
Calculation of the storm tide level requires information on waves gene-
rated by wind. Modeling wind–waves in deep and shallow water is now
fairly advanced. However, there is a lack of detailed, high-quality wind and
wave data with which to verify the models. Also, many advanced models are
workbench versions that are not easily accessible. A commonly used public
domain model is SWAN (Booij et al. 1999), which has good directional capa-
bilities and well-tested parameterizations of wave physics: shoaling, refrac-
tion, diffraction (in the most recent release), wind input, white-capping,
depth-limited breaki ...