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Excel金融建模
book

Excel金融建模

by Posts & Telecom Press, Shmuel Oluwa
May 2024
Intermediate to advanced
211 pages
3h 41m
Chinese
Packt Publishing
Content preview from Excel金融建模

第9章 估值

无论是出于什么原因建立和经营一家公司,都会想知道公司在某个阶段的价值,这样就需要:

  • 查明公司在当前阶段的不足;
  • 判断公司现阶段处于增长、停滞还是恶化;
  • 申请贷款;
  • 吸引投资者;
  • 建立一个参考点,作为推动未来发展的目标;
  • 剥离现有业务。

估值有很多种方法,本章只讨论其中两种主要方法。

本章涵盖以下主题:

  • 绝对估值法;
  • 相对估值法。

人们普遍认为,对公司进行估值的准确方法是采用现金流量折现法进行绝对估值。现金流量折现法不仅考虑到了货币的时间价值,还考虑了公司整个预计寿命期间的现金流。这与公司价值的定义紧密相连,即考虑公司能够产生的现金流总量。

现金流量折现法的内容包括概念和计算。尽管本书已经尽可能地简化了这些概念,但还是需经过一系列的复杂计算才能得出估值所需的一些参数。另外,本书提供配套的资源文件供您作为建模的参考。

现金流量折现法始于三大报表,基于自由现金流量(Free Cash Flow,FCF)的概念,目标是确定公司所能产生的现金流量。然而,公司所产生现金中有部分现金应用于满足债权人和资本支出计划。扣除这部分需求的现金所剩余的现金才是公司可以自由使用的现金,即实体自由现金流量(Free Cash Flow for the Firm,FCFF)。在模型中,需要将净利润通过一系列的计算调整为实体自由现金流量,再通过一系列的计算将实体自由现金流量调整为股东自由现金流量。

实体自由现金流量将引导出实体价值(Enterprise Value,EV),股东自由现金流量(Free Cash Flow to Equity,FCFE)将引导出公司普通股的股价。就像现金流量表一样,将从经营活动中的息税前利润开始用间接法编制现金流量表,因为税率是法定的,按国家的规定纳税是法定义务。 ...

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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9781836207535