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Excel金融建模
book

Excel金融建模

by Posts & Telecom Press, Shmuel Oluwa
May 2024
Intermediate to advanced
211 pages
3h 41m
Chinese
Packt Publishing
Content preview from Excel金融建模

第10章 测试模型的合理性和准确性

创建财务模型需要做出许多主观的假设和决定。为了尽可能减少这种主观性的影响,需要采用一些程序(其中一些程序在之前章节中已经提到)对模型进行测试,以辨别不可靠的假设条件,并关注对模型结果影响大的变量。

本章涵盖以下主题:

  • 设置内置测试和程序;
  • 错误排除;
  • 理解敏感性分析;
  • 使用直接和间接的方法;
  • 方案选择器(场景分析);
  • 创建一个简单的蒙特卡罗模拟模型。

本质上,财务模型离不开公式和计算。虽然其中大多数公式和计算都很简单,但它们的数量和重复性使得发生错误成为可能。即使水平较高的建模者在对计算进行追踪时,也有可能会遇到棘手的问题。

以下是一些可以减少模型发生错误的程序。

  • 硬编码单元格:应该用蓝色字体来表示输入的原始数据,以区别于用黑色字体表示的用于计算的单元格,如图10.1所示(详见本书配套的彩图文件)。 采用这种编码方法,修正模型时关注黑色字体所在的单元格即可,可以减少浏览蓝色字体单元格的时间。

图片 230

图10.1

  • 资产负债表复核:为资产负债表增加余额核对栏,确保能够确认资产负债表是否平衡,并能迅速查明资产负债表失衡的原因。余额核对栏应该鲜明地标注在报表显眼的位置。 要使资产负债表处于平衡状态,总资产减去流动负债就应等于总权益加非流动负债。如果有一个四舍五入的差额没有显示出来,仍然会引起不平衡的警报,如图10.2所示。这就是为什么应该使用ROUND函数来确保Excel在比较两个总数时忽略小数点。

  • 现金和现金等价物: ...

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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9781836207535