
21Introduction
vehicle transportation as well as stationary power generation. Major disad-
vantages of PEM fuel cells are their restricted use with only pure hydrogen
with very little trace of carbon monoxide (CO), which is poisonous to the
catalyst used in a PEM fuel cell, and the very high cost owing to their use of
expensive catalyst material such as platinum. Water management also poses
a considerable challenge for PEMFC design because of the requirement for
a proper hydration level in the Naon polymer membrane and the issue of
drying of the membrane at the anode side and ooding of the membrane
near the cathode side.
1.5.3 Phosphoric Ac ...