4
Tool Wear, Tool Life, and Economics of Metal Cutting
4.1 TOOL WEAR
4.1.1 INTRODUCTION
Tools wear due to the interaction between the chip and the tool occurring under high thermal and mechanical stresses. The mechanism of tool wear is extremely complicated and depends on the material of the tool, workpiece to be machined, cutting variables including speed and chip cross-sectional area, type of coolant, tool geometry, and the condition of the machine tool and its rigidity. Four basic mechanisms (Figure 4.1) operate singly or in various combinations to produce diffusion, adhesion, abrasion, and electrochemical wear.
Diffusion wear: Diffusion wear occurs when atoms in a metallic crystal lattice move from an area of high atomic concentration ...
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