
27Cutting Tools
2.2.4 Effect of Tool Setting
Consider a single-point tool displaced at a point lower than the workpiece
axis by a distance h
c
, below the workpiece center, as shown in Figure 2.11.
The plane AA, normal to the workpiece radius (d/2), passing through the tool
nose takes the position BB, which is inclined at an angle ζ, where
sin
ζ=
c
Due to the error in the cutting edge setting, the values of back rake and end
clearance angles γ
b
and α
e
change to γ
bs
and α
es
, where
bs b
es e
If the tool nose is set at h
c
distance above the center of the workpiece, back
rake γ
b
and end clearance angle α
e
change to γ
bs
and α
es
, where