72 Fundamentals of Machining Processes
3.4.3.1 Machining Conditions
Cutting speed: The cutting forces decrease as the cutting speed increases.
Arshinov and Alekseev (1970) showed that an increase of the cutting speed
from 50 to 250 m/min leads to a 21% decrease in the cutting forces. More heat
is generated as the cutting speed increases, and consequently, the maximum
temperature on the tool surface increases at higher cutting speeds.
Feed rate: The cutting forces increase with feed rate, as does the amount of
heat generated. Because the chip cross section represents the feed multiplied
by depth of cut, the temperature increases by a smaller degree upon an
increase of the feed rate (exponent 0.22) than upon an increase of the cutting
speed ( ...