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Tool Wear, Tool Life, and Economics
of Metal Cutting
4.1 Tool Wear
4.1.1 Introduction
Due to the interaction between the chip and the tool occurring under high
thermal and mechanical stresses, the tool wears. The mechanism of tool wear
is extremely complicated and depends on the material of the tool, workpiece
to be machined, cutting variables including speed and chip cross-sectional
area, type of coolant, tool geometry, and the condition of the machine tool and
its rigidity. Four basic mechanisms (Figure 4.1) operate singly or in various
combinations to produce diffusion, adhesion, abrasion, and electrochemical
wear.
Diffusion wear: Diffusion ...