Introduction to the Nonlinear Susceptibility
As we discussed in Chapter 2, a polarization induced in a material by an optical field is key to understanding linear optical properties. This observation carries over to nonlinear optics, as well. Poynting’s theorem, Equation 2.19, involves the total polarization, which includes both linear and nonlinear effects. When nonlinearities are included in the polarization expression, energy exchange between optical inputs at different frequencies becomes possible. For example, an input field at a frequency ω can induce a nonlinear polarization with a component at the second harmonic, 2ω. The polarization at 2ω in turn drives a field that radiates energy at the second-harmonic frequency. ...
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