In Chapter 22, you learned to light the windmill scene with the direct light from the sun and sky. The result was not particularly convincing because the shadows and shaded portions of the scene were pure black. Any surface that is not in the path of the light rays emitted from the light source received no light.
In the real world, direct illumination strikes a surface and then is bounced from that surface until it strikes another surface, and so on. This indirect illumination transfers light energy and with it some of the surfaces’ color throughout the scene, raising the overall lighting levels, especially in the shadows and shaded areas.
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