
74 Green Relay Techniques in Cellular Systems
where the first two terms in the parentheses account for energy consumed for
transmission of the message, mainly by the power amplifier, and the last term
in the summation is the energy consumption of the receiving circuitries at the
RN and the destination. During phase 2, the source and the RN transmit and
the destination receives with total consumed energy
E
2
=
WE
2
b,s
+(1− α)P
ct
T
+(1− α)(P
r
+ P
ct
)T +(1− α)P
cr
T. (3.38)
Let P
s
= P
1
s
= P
2
s
, the overall energy efficiency is expressed as
E(E
b,s
,E
b,r
,T)=
WE
b,s
α
+ WE
b,r
+(2− α)P
ct
T +(1+α)P
cr
T
W
=
E
b,s
α
+ E
b,r
+
(2 − α)P
ct
T +(1+α)P
cr
T
W
, (3.39)
where E
b,s
= E
1
b,s
.
The outage even