Cryptographic Protocols
Markus Jakobsson, Indiana University, Bloomington
Introduction: What Is a Protocol?
Classifying Protocols with Respect to the Adversary
What Are the Goals of the Adversary?
What Can the Adversary Do—And Not Do?
What Should a Protocol Do—And Not Do?
Proving Without Leaking: The Zero-Knowledge Protocol
Proving Correct Exponentiation
Proving Correct Encryption/Reencryption
Secret Sharing and Proactive Secret Sharing
Hash Functions, Signatures, and Message Authentication Codes
Payments, Micropayments, and Applications
Achieving Privacy and Privacy Control
INTRODUCTION: WHAT IS A PROTOCOL?
Here is a protocol we have all known since we were children: two children get one cake and need to share it in a way that they both agree to. It would easily create unfairness if one of them cuts the cake and then selects a piece. Instead, one child cuts the cake, then the other one gets to select a piece, and then the child who cut the cake gets the remaining piece.
One can think of a protocol as a step-by-step recipe for one or more chefs to cook a particular dish and make sure that nobody makes a mistake. More generally, a protocol is a sequence of steps taken by one or more participants wanting to achieve some goal. Often, and as above, it is important to construct the protocol in ...
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