
Introduction
Thanks to the major scientific discoveries of the twentieth century, a global
nuclear energy market has been built around the use of fissile matter. A concern
to restrict application of this energy to the civil sector and the need to control
the consequences for human health, soon led the United States, followed by the
international community, to regulate and control access to this market. Thus it
was that, in 1957, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) came into
being, with the aim of promoting peaceful use of nuclear energy and
establishing nuclear safety standards. In a widely-recognized document
1
, the
IAEA set out ten ...