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DOI: 10.1201/9781003359128-1
Chapter 1
Introduction to human factors and
ergonomics
1.1 EVOLUTION OF PERSON– MACHINE SYSTEMS
Ever since prehistoric times, Homo sapiens made tools to enhance their
physical capabilities and to channel their physical energy. Eventually they
developed tools to enhance mental capabilities and channel mental energy
as well. The first tools were handheld devices, such as hammers and cutting
edges. The first machines such as wheels, levers, and pulleys channeled phys-
ical forces as well as human forces.
The industrial revolution that started in the 17th century coincided with
major developments in mechanical physics. Sir ...