IBM z14 (3906) Technical Guide

IBM z14 (3906) Technical Guide

by Octavian Lascu
Released October 2018
Publisher(s): IBM Redbooks
ISBN: 9780738457253

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Book description

Abstract

This IBM® Redbooks® publication describes the new member of the IBM Z® family, IBM z14™. IBM z14 is the trusted enterprise platform for pervasive encryption, integrating data, transactions, and insights into the data.

A data-centric infrastructure must always be available with a 99.999% or better availability, have flawless data integrity, and be secured from misuse. It also must be an integrated infrastructure that can support new applications. Finally, it must have integrated capabilities that can provide new mobile capabilities with real-time analytics that are delivered by a secure cloud infrastructure.

IBM z14 servers are designed with improved scalability, performance, security, resiliency, availability, and virtualization. The superscalar design allows z14 servers to deliver a record level of capacity over the prior IBM Z platforms. In its maximum configuration, z14 is powered by up to 170 client characterizable microprocessors (cores) running at 5.2 GHz. This configuration can run more than 146,000 million instructions per second (MIPS) and up to 32 TB of client memory. The IBM z14 Model M05 is estimated to provide up to 35% more total system capacity than the IBM z13® Model NE1.

This Redbooks publication provides information about IBM z14 and its functions, features, and associated software support. More information is offered in areas that are relevant to technical planning. It is intended for systems engineers, consultants, planners, and anyone who wants to understand the IBM Z servers functions and plan for their usage. It is intended as an introduction to mainframes. Readers are expected to be generally familiar with existing IBM Z technology and terminology.

Table of contents

  1. Front cover
  2. Notices
    1. Trademarks
  3. Preface
    1. Authors
    2. Now you can become a published author, too!
    3. Comments welcome
    4. Stay connected to IBM Redbooks
  4. Chapter 1. Introducing the IBM z14
    1. 1.1 Design considerations for the IBM z14
    2. 1.2 z14 server highlights
      1. 1.2.1 Processor and memory
      2. 1.2.2 Capacity and performance
      3. 1.2.3 Virtualization
      4. 1.2.4 I/O subsystem and I/O features
      5. 1.2.5 Reliability, availability, and serviceability design
    3. 1.3 z14 server technical overview
      1. 1.3.1 Models
      2. 1.3.2 Model upgrade paths
      3. 1.3.3 Frames
      4. 1.3.4 CPC drawer
      5. 1.3.5 I/O connectivity: PCIe Generation 3
      6. 1.3.6 I/O subsystem
      7. 1.3.7 I/O and special purpose features in the PCIe I/O drawer
      8. 1.3.8 Storage connectivity
      9. 1.3.9 Network connectivity
      10. 1.3.10 Coupling and Server Time Protocol connectivity
      11. 1.3.11 Cryptography
      12. 1.3.12 zEDC Express
    4. 1.4 Reliability, availability, and serviceability
    5. 1.5 Hardware Management Consoles and Support Elements
    6. 1.6 Operating systems
      1. 1.6.1 Supported operating systems
      2. 1.6.2 IBM compilers
  5. Chapter 2. Central processor complex hardware components
    1. 2.1 Frames and drawers
      1. 2.1.1 The A frame
      2. 2.1.2 Z Frame
      3. 2.1.3 z14 cover (door) design
      4. 2.1.4 Top exit I/O cabling
      5. 2.1.5 PCIe I/O drawer
    2. 2.2 CPC drawer
      1. 2.2.1 CPC drawer interconnect topology
      2. 2.2.2 Oscillator
      3. 2.2.3 System control
      4. 2.2.4 CPC drawer power
    3. 2.3 Single chip modules
      1. 2.3.1 Processor unit chip
      2. 2.3.2 Processor unit (core)
      3. 2.3.3 PU characterization
      4. 2.3.4 System Controller chip
      5. 2.3.5 Cache level structure
    4. 2.4 Memory
      1. 2.4.1 Memory subsystem topology
      2. 2.4.2 Redundant array of independent memory
      3. 2.4.3 Memory configurations
      4. 2.4.4 Memory upgrades
      5. 2.4.5 Drawer replacement and memory
      6. 2.4.6 Virtual Flash Memory
      7. 2.4.7 Flexible Memory Option
      8. 2.4.8 Pre-planned memory
    5. 2.5 Reliability, availability, and serviceability
      1. 2.5.1 RAS in the CPC memory subsystem
      2. 2.5.2 General z14 RAS features
    6. 2.6 Connectivity
      1. 2.6.1 Redundant I/O interconnect
      2. 2.6.2 Enhanced drawer availability
      3. 2.6.3 CPC drawer upgrade
    7. 2.7 Model configurations
      1. 2.7.1 Upgrades
      2. 2.7.2 Concurrent PU conversions
      3. 2.7.3 Model capacity identifier
      4. 2.7.4 Model capacity identifier and MSU value
      5. 2.7.5 Capacity Backup
      6. 2.7.6 On/Off Capacity on Demand and CPs
    8. 2.8 Power and cooling
      1. 2.8.1 Power and cooling
      2. 2.8.2 High Voltage Direct Current power feature
      3. 2.8.3 Internal Battery Feature
      4. 2.8.4 Power estimation tool
      5. 2.8.5 Cooling
      6. 2.8.6 Radiator Unit
      7. 2.8.7 Water-cooling unit
    9. 2.9 Summary
  6. Chapter 3. Central processor complex system design
    1. 3.1 Overview
    2. 3.2 Design highlights
    3. 3.3 CPC drawer design
      1. 3.3.1 Cache levels and memory structure
      2. 3.3.2 CPC drawer interconnect topology
    4. 3.4 Processor unit design
      1. 3.4.1 Simultaneous multithreading
      2. 3.4.2 Single-instruction multiple-data
      3. 3.4.3 Out-of-Order execution
      4. 3.4.4 Superscalar processor
      5. 3.4.5 Compression and cryptography accelerators on a chip
      6. 3.4.6 Decimal floating point accelerator
      7. 3.4.7 IEEE floating point
      8. 3.4.8 Processor error detection and recovery
      9. 3.4.9 Branch prediction
      10. 3.4.10 Wild branch
      11. 3.4.11 Translation lookaside buffer
      12. 3.4.12 Instruction fetching, decoding, and grouping
      13. 3.4.13 Extended Translation Facility
      14. 3.4.14 Instruction set extensions
      15. 3.4.15 Transactional Execution
      16. 3.4.16 Runtime Instrumentation
    5. 3.5 Processor unit functions
      1. 3.5.1 Overview
      2. 3.5.2 Central processors
      3. 3.5.3 Integrated Facility for Linux
      4. 3.5.4 Internal Coupling Facility
      5. 3.5.5 IBM Z Integrated Information Processor
      6. 3.5.6 System assist processors
      7. 3.5.7 Reserved processors
      8. 3.5.8 Integrated firmware processor
      9. 3.5.9 Processor unit assignment
      10. 3.5.10 Sparing rules
    6. 3.6 Memory design
      1. 3.6.1 Overview
      2. 3.6.2 Main storage
      3. 3.6.3 Hardware system area
      4. 3.6.4 Virtual Flash Memory
    7. 3.7 Logical partitioning
      1. 3.7.1 Overview
      2. 3.7.2 Storage operations
      3. 3.7.3 Reserved storage
      4. 3.7.4 Logical partition storage granularity
      5. 3.7.5 LPAR dynamic storage reconfiguration
    8. 3.8 Intelligent Resource Director
    9. 3.9 Clustering technology
      1. 3.9.1 CF Control Code
      2. 3.9.2 Coupling Thin Interrupts
      3. 3.9.3 Dynamic CF dispatching
    10. 3.10 Virtual Flash Memory
      1. 3.10.1 IBM Z Virtual Flash Memory overview
      2. 3.10.2 VFM feature
      3. 3.10.3 VFM administration
  7. Chapter 4. Central processor complex I/O system structure
    1. 4.1 Introduction to I/O infrastructure
      1. 4.1.1 I/O infrastructure
      2. 4.1.2 PCIe Generation 3
    2. 4.2 I/O system overview
      1. 4.2.1 Characteristics
      2. 4.2.2 Supported I/O features
    3. 4.3 PCIe I/O drawer
    4. 4.4 PCIe I/O drawer offerings
    5. 4.5 Fanouts
      1. 4.5.1 PCIe Generation 3 fanout (FC 0173)
      2. 4.5.2 Integrated Coupling Adapter (FC 0172)
      3. 4.5.3 HCA3-O (12x IFB) fanout (FC 0171)
      4. 4.5.4 HCA3-O LR (1x IFB) fanout (FC 0170)
      5. 4.5.5 Fanout considerations
    6. 4.6 I/O features (cards)
      1. 4.6.1 I/O feature card ordering information
      2. 4.6.2 Physical channel ID report
    7. 4.7 Connectivity
      1. 4.7.1 I/O feature support and configuration rules
      2. 4.7.2 Storage connectivity
      3. 4.7.3 Network connectivity
      4. 4.7.4 Parallel Sysplex connectivity
    8. 4.8 Cryptographic functions
      1. 4.8.1 CPACF functions (FC 3863)
      2. 4.8.2 Crypto Express6S feature (FC 0893)
      3. 4.8.3 Crypto Express5S feature (FC 0890)
    9. 4.9 Integrated firmware processor
    10. 4.10 zEDC Express
  8. Chapter 5. Central processor complex channel subsystem
    1. 5.1 Channel subsystem
      1. 5.1.1 Multiple logical channel subsystems
      2. 5.1.2 Multiple subchannel sets
      3. 5.1.3 Channel path spanning
    2. 5.2 I/O configuration management
    3. 5.3 Channel subsystem summary
  9. Chapter 6. Cryptographic features
    1. 6.1 Cryptography enhancements on IBM z14 servers
    2. 6.2 Cryptography overview
      1. 6.2.1 Modern cryptography
      2. 6.2.2 Kerckhoffs’ principle
      3. 6.2.3 Keys
      4. 6.2.4 Algorithms
    3. 6.3 Cryptography on IBM z14 servers
    4. 6.4 CP Assist for Cryptographic Functions
      1. 6.4.1 Cryptographic synchronous functions
      2. 6.4.2 CPACF protected key
    5. 6.5 Crypto Express6S
      1. 6.5.1 Cryptographic asynchronous functions
      2. 6.5.2 Crypto Express6S as a CCA coprocessor
      3. 6.5.3 Crypto Express6S as an EP11 coprocessor
      4. 6.5.4 Crypto Express6S as an accelerator
      5. 6.5.5 Managing Crypto Express6S
    6. 6.6 TKE workstation
      1. 6.6.1 Logical partition, TKE host, and TKE target
      2. 6.6.2 Optional smart card reader
      3. 6.6.3 TKE hardware support and migration information
    7. 6.7 Cryptographic functions comparison
    8. 6.8 Cryptographic operating system support
  10. Chapter 7. Operating system support
    1. 7.1 Operating systems summary
    2. 7.2 Support by operating system
      1. 7.2.1 z/OS
      2. 7.2.2 z/VM
      3. 7.2.3 z/VSE
      4. 7.2.4 z/TPF
      5. 7.2.5 Linux on IBM Z (Linux on Z)
      6. 7.2.6 KVM hypervisor
    3. 7.3 z14 features and function support overview
      1. 7.3.1 Supported CPC functions
      2. 7.3.2 Coupling and clustering
      3. 7.3.3 Network connectivity
      4. 7.3.4 Cryptographic functions
      5. 7.3.5 Special purpose features
    4. 7.4 Support by features and functions
      1. 7.4.1 LPAR Configuration and Management
      2. 7.4.2 Base CPC features and functions
      3. 7.4.3 Coupling and clustering features and functions
      4. 7.4.4 Storage connectivity-related features and functions
      5. 7.4.5 Networking features and functions
      6. 7.4.6 Cryptography Features and Functions Support
      7. 7.4.7 Special-purpose Features and Functions
    5. 7.5 z/OS migration considerations
      1. 7.5.1 General guidelines
      2. 7.5.2 Hardware Fix Categories (FIXCATs)
      3. 7.5.3 Coupling links
      4. 7.5.4 z/OS XL C/C++ considerations
      5. 7.5.5 z/OS V2.3
    6. 7.6 z/VM migration considerations
      1. 7.6.1 z/VM 7.1
      2. 7.6.2 z/VM V6.4
      3. 7.6.3 ESA/390-compatibility mode for guests
      4. 7.6.4 Capacity
    7. 7.7 z/VSE migration considerations
    8. 7.8 Software licensing
    9. 7.9 References
  11. Chapter 8. System upgrades
    1. 8.1 Upgrade types
      1. 8.1.1 Overview of upgrade types
      2. 8.1.2 Terminology that is related to CoD for z14 systems
      3. 8.1.3 Permanent upgrades
      4. 8.1.4 Temporary upgrades
    2. 8.2 Concurrent upgrades
      1. 8.2.1 Model upgrades
      2. 8.2.2 Customer Initiated Upgrade facility
      3. 8.2.3 Concurrent upgrade functions summary
    3. 8.3 Miscellaneous equipment specification upgrades
      1. 8.3.1 MES upgrade for processors
      2. 8.3.2 MES upgrades for memory
      3. 8.3.3 MES upgrades for I/O
      4. 8.3.4 Feature on Demand
      5. 8.3.5 Summary of plan-ahead features
    4. 8.4 Permanent upgrade through the CIU facility
      1. 8.4.1 Ordering
      2. 8.4.2 Retrieval and activation
    5. 8.5 On/Off Capacity on Demand
      1. 8.5.1 Overview
      2. 8.5.2 Capacity Provisioning Manager
      3. 8.5.3 Ordering
      4. 8.5.4 On/Off CoD testing
      5. 8.5.5 Activation and deactivation
      6. 8.5.6 Termination
      7. 8.5.7 z/OS capacity provisioning
    6. 8.6 Capacity for Planned Event
    7. 8.7 Capacity Backup
      1. 8.7.1 Ordering
      2. 8.7.2 CBU activation and deactivation
      3. 8.7.3 Automatic CBU enablement for GDPS
    8. 8.8 Nondisruptive upgrades
      1. 8.8.1 Components
      2. 8.8.2 Concurrent upgrade considerations
    9. 8.9 Summary of Capacity on-Demand offerings
  12. Chapter 9. Reliability, availability, and serviceability
    1. 9.1 RAS strategy
    2. 9.2 Technology change
    3. 9.3 Structure change
    4. 9.4 Reducing complexity
    5. 9.5 Reducing touches
    6. 9.6 z14 availability characteristics
    7. 9.7 z14 RAS functions
      1. 9.7.1 Scheduled outages
      2. 9.7.2 Unscheduled outages
    8. 9.8 z14 enhanced drawer availability
      1. 9.8.1 EDA planning considerations
      2. 9.8.2 Enhanced drawer availability processing
    9. 9.9 z14 Enhanced Driver Maintenance
      1. 9.9.1 Resource Group and native PCIe MCLs
    10. 9.10 RAS capability for the HMC and SE
  13. Chapter 10. Environmental requirements
    1. 10.1 Power and cooling
      1. 10.1.1 Rear cover design for vectored air output
      2. 10.1.2 Power requirements and consumption
      3. 10.1.3 Cooling requirements
      4. 10.1.4 Internal Battery Feature
      5. 10.1.5 Emergency power-off switch
    2. 10.2 Physical specifications
    3. 10.3 Physical planning
      1. 10.3.1 Raised floor or non-raised floor
      2. 10.3.2 Top Exit Power option
      3. 10.3.3 Top Exit I/O Cabling feature
      4. 10.3.4 Weight distribution plate
      5. 10.3.5 Bolt-down kit for raised floor
      6. 10.3.6 Nonraised floor frame tie-down kit
      7. 10.3.7 Service clearance areas
    4. 10.4 Energy management
      1. 10.4.1 Environmental monitoring
  14. Chapter 11. Hardware Management Console and Support Elements
    1. 11.1 Introduction to the HMC and SE
    2. 11.2 HMC and SE changes and new features
      1. 11.2.1 Driver Level 36 HMC and SE new features
      2. 11.2.2 Driver Level 32 HMC and SE changes and features
      3. 11.2.3 Enhanced Computing and z14 HMC
      4. 11.2.4 Rack-mounted HMC
      5. 11.2.5 New SEs
      6. 11.2.6 New backup options for HMCs and primary SEs
      7. 11.2.7 SE driver support with the HMC driver
      8. 11.2.8 HMC feature codes
      9. 11.2.9 User interface
      10. 11.2.10 Customize Product Engineering Access: Best practice
    3. 11.3 HMC and SE connectivity
      1. 11.3.1 Network planning for the HMC and SE
      2. 11.3.2 Hardware prerequisite changes
      3. 11.3.3 TCP/IP Version 6 on the HMC and SE
      4. 11.3.4 OSA Support Facility changes
      5. 11.3.5 Assigning addresses to the HMC and SE
      6. 11.3.6 HMC Multi-factor authentication
    4. 11.4 Remote Support Facility
      1. 11.4.1 Security characteristics
      2. 11.4.2 RSF connections to IBM and Enhanced IBM Service Support System
      3. 11.4.3 HMC and SE remote operations
    5. 11.5 HMC and SE key capabilities
      1. 11.5.1 Central processor complex management
      2. 11.5.2 LPAR management
      3. 11.5.3 Operating system communication
      4. 11.5.4 HMC and SE microcode
      5. 11.5.5 Monitoring
      6. 11.5.6 Capacity on-demand support
      7. 11.5.7 Server Time Protocol support
      8. 11.5.8 CTN Split and Merge
      9. 11.5.9 NTP client and server support on the HMC
      10. 11.5.10 Security and user ID management
      11. 11.5.11 HMC 2.14.1 Enhancements
      12. 11.5.12 System Input/Output Configuration Analyzer on the SE and HMC
      13. 11.5.13 Automated operations
      14. 11.5.14 Cryptographic support
      15. 11.5.15 Installation support for z/VM that uses the HMC
      16. 11.5.16 Dynamic Partition Manager
  15. Chapter 12. Performance
    1. 12.1 IBM z14 performance characteristics
    2. 12.2 LSPR workload suite
    3. 12.3 Fundamental components of workload performance
      1. 12.3.1 Instruction path length
      2. 12.3.2 Instruction complexity
      3. 12.3.3 Memory hierarchy and memory nest
    4. 12.4 Relative Nest Intensity
    5. 12.5 LSPR workload categories based on relative nest intensity
    6. 12.6 Relating production workloads to LSPR workloads
    7. 12.7 Workload performance variation
      1. 12.7.1 Main performance improvement drivers with z14 servers
  16. Appendix A. IBM Secure Service Container framework
    1. A.1 What is IBM Secure Service Container?
    2. A.2 SSC LPAR
    3. A.3 Why Secure Service Container?
    4. A.4 IBM Z servers and SSC
  17. Appendix B. Channel options
  18. Appendix C. Native Peripheral Component Interconnect Express
    1. C.1 Design of native PCIe adapter management
    2. C.2 Native PCIe feature plugging rules
    3. C.3 Native PCIe feature definitions
  19. Appendix D. Shared Memory Communications
    1. D.1 Overview
    2. D.2 Shared Memory Communication over RDMA
    3. D.3 Shared Memory Communications - Direct Memory Access
  20. Appendix E. IBM Dynamic Partition Manager
    1. E.1 Introduction to IBM Dynamic Partition Manager
    2. E.2 Reasons to use DPM
    3. E.3 IBM Z servers and DPM
    4. E.4 Setting up the DPM environment
  21. Appendix F. IBM zEnterprise Data Compression Express
    1. F.1 Overview
    2. F.2 zEDC Express
    3. F.3 Software support
  22. Related publications
    1. IBM Redbooks
    2. Other publications
    3. Online resources
    4. Help from IBM
  23. Back cover

Product information

  • Title: IBM z14 (3906) Technical Guide
  • Author(s): Octavian Lascu
  • Release date: October 2018
  • Publisher(s): IBM Redbooks
  • ISBN: 9780738457253