6 ◾ Information Security Management Handbook
3. Distributed grid management (DGM)—is aims at maximizing the performance of feeders,
transformers, and other components of network-distribution systems and integrates with
transmission systems and customer operations. e benefits derived are better reliability,
reductions in peak loads, and improvements in the capability to manage distributed renew-
able energy sources.
4. Wide area situational awareness (WASA)—is involves monitoring and display of power-
system components and performance across interconnections and over large geographic
areas. e goal is to optimize management and the performance of network components so
that issues and disruptions can be anticipated, prevented, or responded ...