
16 ◾ Sumana Sharma
Phase 1—Business understanding: e initial phase focuses on understanding
the project objectives and requirements from a business perspective, and then
converting this knowledge into a DM problem denition and a preliminary
plan designed to achieve the objectives.
Phase 2—Data understanding: is phase starts with an initial data collection
and proceeds with activities in order to get familiar with the data, to identify
data-quality problems, to discover rst insights into the data, or to detect
interesting subsets to form hypotheses for hidden information.
Phase 3—Data preparation: is phase covers all activities to construct ...