11.3.1 ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY
From the analysis of the interaction between a biological solution of target molecules and an optical radiation it is clear that the attenuation a light beam experiences while traveling through the solution is composed by essentially three phenomena, each of which contributes to the overall attenuation to a specific attenuation coefficient:
• Absorption of photons by solvent molecules or ions
• Ion current generated by the optical field
• Absorption of photons by target molecules
The first phenomenon is generally negligible when a solvent transparent to the light frequency is used, for example, water if visible light is considered. The propagation distance into the lab on chip ...
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