Chapter Three. The Integration Factory

Very simply, a flexible factory enjoys more variety with lower total costs than traditional factories, which are still forced to make the trade-off between scale and variety.

George Stalk1

1. George Stalk, “Time—The Next Source of Competitive Advantage,” Harvard Business Review, no. 4 (July–August 1988).

Lean is a management system that originated in a factory setting. It has since been applied to many other types of production processes and also more recently to a wide range of nonmanufacturing business processes such as supply chain management, health care delivery, order management, and others. Perhaps one of the most interesting and innovative applications of Lean is the use of factory concepts for ...

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