In functional programming, a fold is a technique to reduce a data structure into a single value. There are two types of fold--left fold (foldl) and right fold (foldr). Let's suppose we have a list that contains 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. Let's use the fold technique to add all the contents of the list, first using foldl and then foldr. However, there is a significant difference between the two--foldl is the left associative, which means we combine the leftmost element then move towards the rightmost element. For instance, by the list we have, we will get the following parentheses:
((((0 + 1) + 2) + 3) + 4)
While foldr is the right associative, which means we will combine the rightmost element then move ...
