Managing Across Cultures: A Learning Framework

Orientation to Authority: Equal-Unequal

How should people with different levels of power and status behave toward each other—as equals or unequals?

At the Equal Pole

In societies near the Equal pole, people have come to expect that differences in power among them will be minimized. Those with and without power see themselves as having equal value as human beings. Hierarchical structures are seen as merely an expression of role inequality, not personal inequality, and are accepted as convenient and efficient. Subordinates want their superiors to consult with them and be accessible. Privileges based on status are downplayed.

The U.S. is a young country, populated primarily by immigrants. Compared to other cultures, there has been a lack of emphasis ...